白宫签署行政命令 成立打击联邦福利欺诈特别工作组
发布日期 2026年3月19日生效日期 2026年3月16日
特朗普总统签署第14395号行政命令,在总统行政办公室内设立“消除欺诈特别工作组”。该命令旨在打击医疗补助(Medicaid)、食品券(SNAP)和住房援助等联邦资助项目中的欺诈与浪费行为,并特别提到非法移民滥用福利、庇护政策以及移民担保人相关欺诈问题。
要点
- 副总统将担任工作组主席,联邦贸易委员会(FTC)主席担任副主席。
- 财政部、司法部、农业部、劳工部、卫生与公众服务部、住房和城市发展部、教育部、退伍军人事务部、国土安全部、小企业管理局及管理和预算办公室等机构参与其中。
- 命令将非法移民滥用福利、庇护政策以及移民担保人和受益人相关欺诈列为福利项目滥用问题的一部分。
- 各机构须在30天内识别最易发生欺诈的福利交易环节。
- 工作组须在60天内协调各机构制定最低反欺诈要求。
- 对未采取充分反欺诈措施的州、地方、部落或属地管辖区,可能建议暂停联邦资金拨付。
影响对象
负责管理联邦福利项目的联邦和州政府机构,以及参与这些项目的移民及其担保人等受益人。
建议行动
目前签证申请人无需采取直接行动,相关机构和项目管理者应关注工作组后续发布的指导和报告要求。
全文翻译
官方原文全文已于 2026-10-13 保存在本站。即使原链接变更或被删除,仍可在此查看全文。译文由 AI 逐段翻译,仅英文原文具有法律效力。
2026年3月16日第14395号行政命令
Executive Order 14395 of March 16, 2026
设立消除欺诈特别工作组
Establishing the Task Force To Eliminate Fraud
依据宪法及美利坚合众国法律赋予本总统之职权,现命令如下:
By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and the laws of the United States of America, it is hereby ordered:
第一节。目的与政策。美国纳税人资助了一项面向有需要的公民的庞大福利体系,其中包括住房、食品、医疗护理、现金援助等。各州负责管理这些由联邦资助的项目,而一些州采用了各种漏洞,规避个人资格核实,允许资格自我认证,并将资格范围扩大到远超国会原意的程度。更糟糕的是,尽管接受了联邦资金,一些州却拒绝建立基本的欺诈管控措施,例如向联邦政府提供登记人信息以便其核实资格。其结果是,非法外国人、罪犯、外国帮派、官僚、州和地方官员、非政府组织以及不合格的服务提供者轻易地钻了这些本应为合法合格的美国人提供安全网的项目的空子。这种滥用行为以及缺乏防范措施,已导致广泛的欺诈、浪费和滥用,损害了支付并使用这些项目的美国纳税人的利益,并大幅加重了国家债务负担。
Section 1 . Purpose and Policy. American taxpayers fund a vast benefits system for citizens in need that includes housing, food, medical care, cash assistance, and more. States administer these federally funded programs, and some States have embraced loopholes that avoid individual eligibility validation, allow self-certification of eligibility, and expand eligibility far beyond what the Congress intended. Worse, despite accepting Federal funds, some States have refused to institute basic fraud controls such as providing enrollee information to the Federal Government that would allow it to verify eligibility. As a result, illegal aliens, criminals, foreign gangs, bureaucrats, State and local officials, non-governmental organizations, and ineligible providers exploit these programs—which are intended to provide a safety net to lawfully eligible Americans—with ease. This exploitation and lack of controls to prevent it have resulted in widespread fraud, waste, and abuse at the expense of the American taxpayers who pay for and utilize these programs, contributing substantially to the national debt.
营私舞弊的政治人物利用此类公共福利项目来巩固对其所在社区及我国政治体系的控制。由于移民政策松懈及移民欺诈行为,部分公职人员允许很可能依赖经济状况调查型公共援助项目(福利)的移民人群进入我国,并为其提供庇护,使其免受联邦移民法律的约束,从而增加提供福利的公职人员所获得的政治支持与权力。这种日益增长的支持促使公职人员尽力扩大向这些社区输送福利的规模,使实施此举的公职人员获得更大权力。许多此类公职人员随后未能对这些项目加以监管,在某些情况下,甚至故意对项目中的欺诈、浪费和滥用行为视而不见,以确保福利持续流向这些移民群体。由于选举诚信保障措施不足,一些本无投票资格的移民仍然投票,而同样的公职人员纵容大规模的选票收集(ballot harvesting)计划,这损害了我国选举的诚信,并帮助这些公职人员得以继续掌权。
Self-dealing political actors use such public benefits programs to solidify control over their communities and our political systems. Due to lax immigration policy and immigration fraud, certain public officials admit into our country, and provide sanctuary from Federal immigration laws to, migrant populations who are likely to rely on means-tested, public assistance programs (welfare) and increase the political support and power of the public officials providing the benefits. This increased support incentivizes public officials to maximize the flow of welfare to these communities and makes public officials who do so more powerful. Many of these public officials then fail to police these programs—and in some cases, willfully turn a blind eye to fraud, waste, and abuse within them—to ensure that welfare flows to these migrants. Due to insufficient election integrity measures, some migrants who are not eligible to vote do so anyway, with the same public officials permitting widespread ballot harvesting schemes that compromise our election integrity and help these public officials remain in power.
仅明尼苏达州一地触目惊心的欺诈与浪费现象,便是明证。该州联邦检察官估计,近年来医疗补助(Medicaid)欺诈金额可能高达数十亿美元。明尼苏达州每年大约花费8.66亿美元用于食品券项目,据估计其中近9%的支出属于错误支出。名为“喂养我们的未来”(Feeding our Future)的非营利组织策划了一起骗局,通过开设虚假供餐点并就从未提供过的数百万份餐食提交欺诈性索赔,骗取了原本用于为明尼苏达州贫困儿童提供餐食的近2.5亿美元资金。该骗局中的一名被告还被指控向一项遭受广泛欺诈的自闭症服务项目提交虚假索赔。由索马里移民及其他人组成的有组织团伙窃取了明尼苏达州数亿美元的联邦儿童保育资金,用赃款购买汽车、房产及豪华旅行,并将资金汇往海外。联邦政府正在调查有关指控,称明尼苏达州部分遭受欺诈的美国纳税人资金甚至被转移至非洲最为凶残的恐怖组织之一。所有这些行为都被州官员忽视或未被发现。亦有充分理由相信,类似问题(原文第13486页)同样存在于其他州,包括加利福尼亚州、伊利诺伊州、纽约州、缅因州和科罗拉多州。事实上,明尼苏达州及其他20个州已提起诉讼,阻止联邦政府对其登记人是否确实符合“补充营养援助计划”(SNAP)下由纳税人资助的福利资格进行哪怕是基本的审查。如此大规模且未被查觉的欺诈行为,只能存在于一个对其视而不见的体制之中。
The staggering fraud and waste in Minnesota alone is a case in point. Federal prosecutors in the State estimate that Medicaid fraud in recent years could total in the billions. Nearly 9 percent of the roughly $866 million spent on food stamps in Minnesota each year is estimated to be spent in error. The non-profit Feeding our Future engineered a scam that stole nearly $250 million intended to feed needy children in Minnesota by opening fake meal sites and submitting fraudulent claims for millions of meals that were never served. One of the defendants in this scam was also charged with submitting false claims to an autism services program that was subject to widespread fraud. Hundreds of millions of dollars in Federal childcare funding to Minnesota were stolen by an organized ring of Somali immigrants and others who used the stolen money to purchase cars, property, and luxury travel, and sent the funds overseas. The Federal Government is investigating allegations that some of the United States taxpayer dollars subject to fraud in Minnesota were even funneled to one of Africa's most heinous terror groups. All of this was ignored or undetected by State officials. There is also strong reason to believe that similar problems ( printed page 13486) exist in other States, including California, Illinois, New York, Maine, and Colorado. In fact, Minnesota and 20 other States filed a lawsuit to block the Federal Government from even conducting a basic review to determine whether their enrollees are in fact eligible for taxpayer-funded benefits under the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program. Such extensive, undetected fraud could only exist in a system that ignores it.
在这些项目中存在的欺诈和管理不善行为,构成了对美国人为这些项目辛勤纳税所得税款的盗窃,也是对需要这些福利的美国人应得利益的侵占。未能确保足够的联邦监督以防止欺诈、浪费和滥用行为,使不负责任的州政治人物得以在其本州增加联邦支出,这助长了医疗服务、住房、公用事业和食品杂货的通货膨胀。
Fraud and mismanagement in these programs constitutes theft of the hard-earned tax dollars from Americans paying into these programs, and of the benefits owed to Americans who need them. The failure to ensure sufficient Federal oversight to prevent fraud, waste, and abuse has allowed irresponsible State politicians to increase Federal spending in their own States, which has contributed to inflation for health care services, housing, utilities, and groceries.
更为严重的是,上届政府采取的政策削弱了联邦政府对各州管理和分配这些项目下联邦资金的监督,包括削减常识性的核验措施、在缺乏充分管控的情况下扩大受益范围、容忍不可接受的错误率、制造出一种使欺诈行为在制度上被容忍从而得以滋长的环境,以及使拥有巨额资产的个人得以不当获取福利。
Making matters worse, the previous administration adopted policies that weakened the Federal Government's oversight of State administration and distribution of Federal funds under these programs, including by reducing commonsense verification measures, expanding access without adequate controls, tolerating unacceptable error rates, creating conditions in which fraud was institutionally tolerated and therefore flourished, and enabling individuals with substantial means to improperly access benefits.
本届政府将运用一切可用的资源和权力打击欺诈、堵塞漏洞、执行资格规则,并保护符合资格的美国人应得的福利,同时确保负责管理联邦福利项目的各州也采取同样的做法。
My Administration will use all available resources and authorities to fight fraud, close loopholes, enforce eligibility rules, and protect benefits for eligible Americans, while ensuring States administering Federal benefits programs do the same.
第2条。消除欺诈工作组的设立。(a) 特此在总统行政办公室内设立消除欺诈工作组(简称工作组)。
Sec. 2 . Establishment of the Task Force. (a) There is hereby established within the Executive Office of the President a Task Force to Eliminate Fraud (Task Force).
(b) 美国副总统应担任工作组主席。联邦贸易委员会(FTC)主席应担任工作组副主席,在主席指示下或主席缺席时主持工作组工作,并在主席指示下或主席缺席时行使本命令所定义的主席的一切职权。主席应指定一名执行主任,负责管理和执行工作组的日常运作,并向副主席报告工作。总统国土安全助理应担任工作组高级顾问。
(b) The Vice President of the United States shall serve as the Chairman of the Task Force. The Chairman of the Federal Trade Commission shall serve as Vice Chairman of the Task Force, shall preside over the Task Force at the direction of the Chairman or in his absence, and shall exercise all powers of the Chairman herein defined at his direction or in his absence. The Chairman shall designate an Executive Director, who shall administer and execute the day-to-day operations of the Task Force, and who shall report to the Vice Chairman. The Assistant to the President for Homeland Security shall serve as the Senior Advisor to the Task Force.
(c) 除主席、副主席和高级顾问外,工作组还应包括以下行政部门和机构(简称机构)或其所属部门的适当代表:
(c) In addition to the Chairman, the Vice Chairman, and the Senior Advisor, the Task Force shall include appropriate representatives from the following executive departments and agencies (agencies), or components:
(i) 财政部;
(i) the Department of the Treasury;
(ii) 司法部;
(ii) the Department of Justice;
(iii) 农业部;
(iii) the Department of Agriculture;
(iv) 劳工部;
(iv) the Department of Labor;
(v) 卫生与公众服务部;
(v) the Department of Health and Human Services;
(vi) 住房和城市发展部;
(vi) the Department of Housing and Urban Development;
(vii) 教育部;
(vii) the Department of Education;
(viii) 退伍军人事务部;
(viii) the Department of Veterans Affairs;
(ix) 国土安全部(DHS);
(ix) the Department of Homeland Security;
(x) 小企业管理局;
(x) the Small Business Administration;
(xi) 管理和预算办公室;以及
(xi) the Office of Management and Budget; and
(xii) 由主席确定的总统行政办公室内的其他机构、监察长办公室或部门。
(xii) other agencies, inspectors general, or components within the Executive Office of the President, as determined by the Chairman.
(d) 主席或副主席应定期召集工作组会议,确定其议程,并依据本行政命令指导其工作。执行主任应协助履行(印刷页第13487页)上述职责。主席可指定工作组任何成员在副主席缺席时主持工作组会议。
(d) The Chairman or the Vice Chairman shall convene regular meetings of the Task Force, determine its agenda, and direct its work, consistent with this order. The Executive Director shall assist in the performance ( printed page 13487) of these duties. The Chairman may designate any member of the Task Force to preside over meetings of the Task Force in the absence of the Vice Chairman.
(e) 工作组应就与执法、公共安全、国家安全、跨国犯罪和有组织犯罪活动有关的任何事项与国土安全委员会进行协调。
(e) The Task Force shall coordinate with the Homeland Security Council on any matters related to law enforcement, public safety, national security, transnational crime, and organized criminal activity.
第3条。工作组的运作与优先事项。(a) 工作组应代表总统,协调并加快推进一项全面的国家战略,以制止联邦福利项目中的欺诈、浪费和滥用行为,包括与州、地方、部落和地区合作伙伴联合管理的项目。工作组应向总统提供建议,并代表总统协调相关成员机构开展以下工作:
Sec. 3 . Operation and Priorities of the Task Force. (a) The Task Force shall, on behalf of the President, coordinate and accelerate a comprehensive national strategy to stop fraud, waste, and abuse within Federal benefit programs, including programs administered jointly with State, local, tribal, and territorial partners. The Task Force shall advise the President and, on behalf of the President, shall coordinate the work of appropriate member agencies to:
(i) 制定措施以改进联邦福利项目中的资格核验流程,并最大限度地执行资格要求,包括具体项目要求以及1996年《个人责任与工作机会协调法》;
(i) develop measures to improve eligibility verification processes in Federal benefits programs and maximize enforcement of eligibility requirements, including program-specific requirements and the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996;
(ii) 在资金拨付或发放之前制定适当的管控措施,以防止联邦福利项目中出现不当支付,包括协调各机构的行动,以确定何时存在持续欺诈或潜在欺诈情形,需要在建立此类管控措施之前主动暂停某些类型的资金拨付;
(ii) develop appropriate controls that operate before funds are obligated or disbursed to prevent improper payments in Federal benefits programs, including by coordinating agency action to determine when ongoing fraud or potential fraud require proactively pausing certain types of funding until such controls can be established;
(三) 评估欺诈迹象及欺诈高风险薄弱环节,包括重大欺诈趋势以及跨项目和大规模欺诈计划,这应包括考虑成员机构当前和潜在使用第三方承包商以最大限度提高欺诈检测效力的情况;
(iii) evaluate indicators of fraud and high-risk vulnerabilities to fraud, including major fraud trends and cross-program and large-scale schemes, which shall include considering the current and potential use by member agencies of third-party contractors to maximize efficacy in detecting fraud;
(四) 促进州、地方、部落和领地政府与联邦政府之间,以及福利发放机构与执法机构之间的信息和数据共享及协调;
(iv) promote the facilitation of information and data sharing and coordination between State, local, tribal, and territorial governments and the Federal Government, and benefit-providing agencies and law enforcement agencies;
(五) 通过跨机构信息共享与协调,瓦解和铲除欺诈网络及协助者,包括服务提供者、承包商或其他实体,以及跨项目惯犯;
(v) disrupt and dismantle fraud networks and facilitators, including providers, contractors, or other entities and repeat cross-program offenders through interagency information sharing and coordination;
(六) 调查并阻断实施欺诈的机制,包括涉及联邦、州、地方、部落或领地官员协助欺诈的任何机制;
(vi) investigate and disrupt the mechanisms through which fraud is committed, including any mechanisms involving facilitation of fraud by Federal, State, local, tribal, or territorial officials;
(七) 在适当且符合适用法律的情况下,阻止涉及联邦福利欺诈所得款项的汇款转移;
(vii) prevent remittance transfers that involve the proceeds of Federal benefits fraud, as appropriate and consistent with applicable law;
(八) 开展审计并确保前瞻性合规监测,包括用于识别联邦福利项目中的欺诈行为;以及
(viii) audit and ensure prospective compliance monitoring, including for use in identifying fraud in Federal benefits programs; and
(九) 分析与福利兑付相关的所有服务提供者或零售商的身份识别信息,以排查欺诈,并在适当且在符合适用法律的范围内,制定一套流程,由成员机构就大规模重新核验或重新授权提出政策建议,以遏制欺诈性服务提供者。
(ix) analyze identifying information for all providers or retailers associated with redemption of benefits to inspect for fraud and develop a process by which member agencies recommend policies for wide-scale revalidations or reauthorization to deter fraudulent providers, as appropriate and to the extent consistent with applicable law.
(b) 每个管理联邦福利项目的机构应在符合适用法律的前提下,向工作组提供工作组认为与向总统提供建议以及协调查明福利欺诈和提高欺诈侦测能力相关的该等项目信息。
(b) Each agency administering Federal benefit programs shall, consistent with applicable law, provide to the Task Force information concerning such programs that the Task Force deems relevant to advising the President and coordinating efforts to uncover benefits fraud and increase fraud-detection capability.
(c) 工作组应接受总统的直接监督和管控。工作组应通过主席经常向总统汇报其工作进展,并确保其行动符合总统的指示。
(c) The Task Force shall be subject to the President's direct supervision and control. The Task Force, through the Chairman, shall provide frequent updates to the President regarding its work and shall ensure that its actions are consistent with the President's directions.
第4条. 改进管控和欺诈预防措施。(a) 工作组中代表的每个管理联邦福利项目的机构应确定该机构最易发生欺诈计划的福利交易和流程,这可能包括新登记、重新核定资格、服务提供者登记、资格自我声明程序、(印刷页第13488页)付款目的地或收款人的变更,或涉及第三方中介的交易。自本行政命令发布之日起30日内,每个此类机构应向工作组主席和副主席提交对此类交易和流程的说明,以及预防此类欺诈的建议措施。
Sec. 4 . Improved Controls and Fraud-Prevention Measures. (a) Each agency administering Federal benefit programs represented on the Task Force shall identify the agency's benefit transactions and processes that are most susceptible to fraud schemes, which may include new enrollments, redeterminations, provider enrollments, eligibility self-attestation procedures, changes ( printed page 13488) to payment destinations or payees, or transactions involving third party intermediaries. Within 30 days of the date of this order, each such agency shall submit to the Chairman and Vice Chairman of the Task Force descriptions of such transactions and processes and suggested measures to prevent such fraud.
(b) 自本行政命令发布之日起60日内,工作组应协调成员机构的努力,酌情采纳针对本条第(a)款所确定的交易和流程的最低反欺诈要求,以防止欺诈和导致系统性滥用及利用的漏洞。如果涉及联邦资金的此类交易和流程由州、地方、领地或部落管辖区管理,则工作组和相应成员机构应研究此类管辖区如何证明已落实反欺诈要求。工作组及其成员机构还应研究并酌情提出建议,说明可以通过何种方式对不具备充分反欺诈要求的管辖区扣留联邦资金。具体而言,此类反欺诈要求可能包括:
(b) Within 60 days of the date of this order, the Task Force shall coordinate member agency efforts to adopt, as appropriate, minimum anti-fraud requirements for transactions and processes identified under subsection (a) of this section to prevent fraud and loopholes that allow for systemic abuse and exploitation. If such transactions and processes involving Federal funding are administered by a State, local, territorial, or tribal jurisdiction, then the Task Force and appropriate member agencies shall address how such jurisdictions can demonstrate implementation of the anti-fraud requirements. The Task Force and its member agencies also shall examine and recommend, as appropriate, any ways that Federal funds may be withheld from jurisdictions that do not have adequate anti-fraud requirements. Specifically, such anti-fraud requirements may include:
(一) 筛查、身份证明和资格核验;
(i) screening, proof of identity, and eligibility verification;
(二) 付款前的完整性和风险管控,包括关于所提供服务的明确文件要求;
(ii) pre-payment integrity and risk controls, including affirmative documentation requirements concerning services provided;
(三) 信息和数据共享流程、更新的标准、最低限度的完整性检查、跨项目风险指标,以及协调一致的追偿和执法途径,以防止与移民担保人、受益人及家庭相关的欺诈、滥用或不当使用;
(iii) information- and data-sharing processes, updated criteria, minimum integrity checks, cross-program risk indicators, and coordinated recovery and enforcement pathways to prevent immigration sponsor and beneficiary and household-related related fraud, abuse, or improper usage;
(四) 对服务提供者、供应商、承包商、非营利组织、中介机构和服务机构的适当使用;以及
(iv) appropriate use of providers, vendors, contractors, nonprofit organizations, intermediaries, and service organizations; and
(五) 审计和补救措施,包括视情况采取的暂停、终止、追偿、排除和取消资格等行动。
(v) audit and remedial measures, including suspension, termination, repayment, exclusion, and debarment actions, as appropriate.
(c) 自本命令发布之日起90日内,工作组每位成员应向工作组主席和副主席提交一份关于本命令所确定或制定措施的可衡量实施计划。
(c) Within 90 days of the date of this order, each member of the Task Force shall submit to the Chairman and the Vice Chairman of the Task Force a measurable implementation plan concerning the measures identified or developed under this order.
第5条 行政管理。应主席或副主席的要求,其他机构的负责人应提供行政和技术支持,或工作组履行其职能所需的信息。
Sec. 5 . Administration. The heads of other agencies shall, upon the request of the Chairman or the Vice Chairman, provide administrative and technical support, or information required by the Task Force to carry out its functions.
第6条 最大限度地推动纳税人追究涉及纳税人资金的欺诈行为。司法部长应当:
Sec. 6 . Maximizing Taxpayer Pursuit of Fraud Involving Taxpayer Dollars. The Attorney General shall:
(a) 采取适当行动,促进私人依据《美国法典》第31编第3730条,就联邦福利计划中的欺诈行为提起有价值的民事诉讼;并
(a) take appropriate action to promote the meritorious pursuit by private persons of civil actions under 31 U.S.C. 3730 concerning fraud within Federal benefit programs; and
(b) 确保在最大可行范围内,包括在《美国法典》第31编第3730条(a)(4)款所规定的60日期限内,对此类诉讼进行及时审查。
(b) ensure prompt review of such actions, including within the 60-day period contemplated by 31 U.S.C. 3730(a)(4) to the maximum extent practicable.
第7条 一般规定。(a) 本命令中的任何内容不得被解释为损害或以其他方式影响:
Sec. 7 . General Provisions. (a) Nothing in this order shall be construed to impair or otherwise affect:
(i) 法律授予某一行政部门或机构,或其负责人的职权;或
(i) the authority granted by law to an executive department or agency, or the head thereof; or
(ii) 管理和预算办公室主任与预算、行政或立法提案相关的职能。
(ii) the functions of the Director of the Office of Management and Budget relating to budgetary, administrative, or legislative proposals.
(b) 本命令的实施应符合适用法律,并以拨款可用性为前提。
(b) This order shall be implemented consistent with applicable law and subject to the availability of appropriations.
(印刷页13489)
( printed page 13489)
(c) 本命令无意创设、事实上也不创设任何实体性或程序性权利或利益,使任何一方得以在法律上或衡平法上对美国、其各部门、机构或实体,其官员、雇员或代理人,或任何其他人予以强制执行。
(c) This order is not intended to, and does not, create any right or benefit, substantive or procedural, enforceable at law or in equity by any party against the United States, its departments, agencies, or entities, its officers, employees, or agents, or any other person.
(d) 本命令的公布费用应由财政部承担。
(d) The costs for publication of this order shall be borne by the Department of the Treasury.
白宫,
THE WHITE HOUSE,
2026年3月16日。
March 16, 2026.
[联邦公报文件编号 2026-05497
[FR Doc. 2026-05497
存档日期:2026年3月18日上午11:15]
Filed 3-18-26; 11:15 am]
账单代码 4810-25-P
Billing code 4810-25-P