特朗普签署第14418号行政令限制出生公民身份文件的认定
发布日期 2026年8月11日生效日期 2026年8月6日
第14418号行政令于2026年8月6日签署,2026年8月11日在联邦公报上公布,指示联邦机构不得为在美国出生但父母双方均非美国公民的特定类别儿童签发公民身份认定文件。该命令源自最高法院在Trump v. Barbara案中的裁决,并落实该裁决对公民身份条款的解释。
要点
- 该命令仅适用于儿童父母双方均非美国公民的情形。
- 适用范围包括父母一方为被指定外国恐怖组织成员或特别指定全球恐怖分子等敌对外国人。
- 也适用于父母一方为外国政府雇员的儿童,包括大使、领事馆雇员、其他官方人员以及享有国际组织豁免权的国际组织雇员。
- 还适用于通过商业安排获取出生公民身份的情形,包括所谓的生育旅游以及在美国或其领土进行的代孕安排。
- 命令同样适用于在联邦法律未赋予公民身份的美国领土或领水内出生的儿童。
- 国务院、司法部、国土安全部和社会保障局须调整其政策,各联邦机构须在命令发布后30天内发布公开实施指南。
影响对象
该命令影响在美国出生、父母双方均非美国公民且符合上述特定类别的儿童,以及负责处理公民身份文件的联邦机构。
建议行动
受影响的家庭应关注各机构即将发布的实施指南,并就具体情况咨询移民律师,因为该命令的实施细节尚未公布。
全文翻译
官方原文全文已于 2026-10-12 保存在本站。即使原链接变更或被删除，仍可在此查看全文。译文由 AI 逐段翻译，仅英文原文具有法律效力。
（印刷页第51991页）
( printed page 51991)
2026年8月6日第14418号行政命令
Executive Order 14418 of August 6, 2026
继续保护美国公民身份的意义与价值
Continuing To Protect the Meaning and Value of American Citizenship
依据宪法及美国法律赋予本人作为总统的职权，现命令如下：
By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and the laws of the United States of America, it is hereby ordered:
第一节 . 目的。美国公民身份的特权仍然是一份无价而深远的礼物。自本届政府执政首日起，本届政府始终警惕恶意外国行为者企图利用我国的慷慨大方来欺骗美国公民所带来的风险。
Section 1 . Purpose. The privilege of United States citizenship remains a priceless and profound gift. Since my first day in office, my Administration has guarded against the risks posed by malign foreign actors who attempt to swindle American citizens by taking advantage of the generosity of our Nation.
2026年6月30日，最高法院在Trump v. Barbara案，609 U.S. __, 146 S. Ct. 2438, 2449 (2026)中裁定，美国宪法第十四修正案的公民身份条款将公民身份特权延伸至父母在美国所生的子女，“对该子女不适用任何域外拟制”。本命令非穷尽地列明并规定了针对某些不属于最高法院所宣布的出生公民权规则范围内的外国人子女类别所应采取的行动。
On June 30, 2026, the Supreme Court decided in Trump v. Barbara, 609 U.S. __, 146 S. Ct. 2438, 2449 (2026), that the Citizenship Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution extends the privilege of citizenship to children born to parents in the United States “for whom no extraterritorial fiction applie[s].” This order identifies, non-exhaustively, and prescribes action concerning certain categories of children of aliens who do not fall within the rule of birthright citizenship as announced by the Supreme Court.
第二节 . 政策。美国的政策是，当一人的父母双方均非美国公民，且下列任一情形适用时，任何行政部门或机构均不得签发承认该人具有美国公民身份的文件，也不得接受州、地方或其他政府或当局出具的、意图承认该人具有美国公民身份的文件：
Sec. 2 . Policy. It is the policy of the United States that no executive department or agency shall issue documents recognizing United States citizenship to, or accept documents issued by State, local, or other governments or authorities purporting to recognize United States citizenship regarding, persons when neither parent of that person is a citizen and any of the following applies:
（a）该人的任一父母为敌对外国人，其定义包括根据8 U.S.C. 1189被列为指定外国恐怖组织的任何成员，或根据《国际紧急经济权力法》（50 U.S.C. 1701及其后条款）以及经修订的2001年9月23日第13224号行政命令（《冻结实施、威胁实施或支持恐怖主义人员财产并禁止与其进行交易》）被列为特别指定全球恐怖分子的人员；
(a) either parent of that person is an alien enemy, defined to include any member of a designated Foreign Terrorist Organization under 8 U.S.C. 1189 or Specially Designated Global Terrorist, consistent with the International Emergency Economic Powers Act, 50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq., and Executive Order 13224 of September 23, 2001 (Blocking Property and Prohibiting Transactions With Persons Who Commit, Threaten to Commit, or Support Terrorism), as amended;
（b）该人的任一父母为外国政府雇员，其定义包括：
(b) either parent of that person is a foreign government employee, defined to include:
（一）大使；
(i) ambassadors;
（二）受雇于外国大使馆或领事馆、且为该外国国民的人员；
(ii) persons employed by a foreign embassy or consulate who are nationals of that foreign country;
（三）以官方身份受雇于外国政府的人员；以及
(iii) persons employed by a foreign government in an official capacity; and
（四）受雇于享有国际组织豁免权的国际组织的人员；
(iv) persons employed by an international organization that possess international-organization immunity;
（c）该人的任一父母从事商业交易以购买或获取该人的出生公民身份，或从事欺诈活动以获取公民身份，包括：
(c) either parent of that person engaged in a commercial transaction to purchase or access birthright citizenship for the person, or engaged in fraudulent activity to obtain citizenship, to include:
（一）该人的父母从事商业交易，以确保该人的母亲在美国或美国领土内分娩；或
(i) when the parent(s) of the person engage in a commercial transaction to ensure that the person's mother is present in the United States, or a territory of the United States, to give birth; or
（二）父母与在美国或美国领土内的代孕者从事商业交易，以使其分娩；（印刷页第51992页）
(ii) when the parent(s) engage in a commercial transaction with a surrogate present in the United States, or a territory of the United States, to give birth; ( printed page 51992)
（d）该人出生于美国某领土或领海内，而联邦制定法并未在该处赋予公民身份。
(d) the person is born in a territory or territorial waters of the United States where citizenship is not conferred by Federal statute.
第三节 . 执行。（a）国务卿、司法部长、国土安全部长及社会安全署署长应采取一切适当措施，确保其各自部门和机构的法规及政策与本命令保持一致，并确保其各自部门和机构的任何官员、雇员或代理人不得以任何与本命令不一致的方式作为或不作为。
Sec. 3 . Enforcement. (a) The Secretary of State, the Attorney General, the Secretary of Homeland Security, and the Commissioner of Social Security shall take all appropriate measures to ensure that the regulations and policies of their respective departments and agencies are consistent with this order, and that no officers, employees, or agents of their respective departments and agencies act, or forbear from acting, in any manner inconsistent with this order.
（b）所有行政部门和机构负责人应在本命令发布之日起30日内，就本命令对其业务和活动的实施情况发布公开指南。
(b) The heads of all executive departments and agencies shall issue public guidance within 30 days of the date of this order regarding this order's implementation with respect to their operations and activities.
第四节 . 可分割性。如本命令的任何条款，或该条款对任何个人或情形的适用被认定为无效，本命令其余部分及其其他条款对任何其他个人或情形的适用不受影响。
Sec. 4 . Severability. If any provision of this order, or the application of any provision to any individual or circumstance, is held to be invalid, the remainder of this order and the application of its other provisions to any other individuals or circumstances shall not be affected thereby.
第五节 . 一般规定。（a）本命令中任何内容均不得被解释为损害或以其他方式影响：
Sec. 5 . General Provisions. (a) Nothing in this order shall be construed to impair or otherwise affect:
（一）法律授予某行政部门或机构、或其负责人的职权；或
(i) the authority granted by law to an executive department or agency, or the head thereof; or
（二）管理和预算办公室主任与预算、行政或立法提案相关的职能。
(ii) the functions of the Director of the Office of Management and Budget relating to budgetary, administrative, or legislative proposals.
（b）本命令的实施应符合适用法律，并以拨款可用性为前提。
(b) This order shall be implemented consistent with applicable law and subject to the availability of appropriations.
(c) 本命令无意创设,事实上也未创设任何可由任何一方当事人针对美国、其部门、机构或实体,其官员、雇员或代理人,或任何其他人,在法律上或衡平法上予以强制执行的权利或利益,无论是实体性的还是程序性的。
(c) This order is not intended to, and does not, create any right or benefit, substantive or procedural, enforceable at law or in equity by any party against the United States, its departments, agencies, or entities, its officers, employees, or agents, or any other person.
(d) 本命令的公布费用应由司法部(Department of Justice)承担。
(d) The costs for publication of this order shall be borne by the Department of Justice.
白宫,
THE WHITE HOUSE,
2026年8月6日。
August 6, 2026.
[联邦公报文件编号 2026-16403
[FR Doc. 2026-16403
存档时间:2026年8月10日上午11:15]
Filed 8-10-26; 11:15 am]
账单代码 4410-CW-P
Billing code 4410-CW-P